Since all commands expects a target site either specified with ‘--site’ flag or through default site configuration you need to add a site before using CLI. Adding a site is interactive operation and CLI will prompt you for site URL, username/email etc.
jira site:add ✔ Site URL? · http://localhost:8080 ✔ Alias for the site? · localhost Checking site...... done ✔ Username? · admin ✔ Password? · ***** ✨ Done in 21.83s.